REPEAT BARLINES AND 1ST AND 2ND ENDINGS

If you want repeats to play back correctly, make sure that the play repeats check box is checked in the performance dialog.

  1. From the main menus choose Play > Performance.
  2. Tab to the check box called "play repeats" and if it is not checked, press Space to check it.
  3. Press Enter to close the dialog.

Start and end repeat barlines

When a start repeat barline and end repeat barline are placed in a score, all the music between them will be played twice. Where possible it is best to put the start repeat barline at the start of a bar and the end repeat barline at the end of a bar, however Sibelius will allow you to put repeat barlines at any point in a bar.

Example: using repeat barlines to play bars 10 to 20 twice.

  1. Select the last note in bar 9.
  2. From the main menus choose Create > Barline > Start repeat.
  3. The start repeat barline will be created at the start of bar 10.
  4. Select the last item in bar 20.
  5. From the main menus choose Create > Barline > End repeat.
  6. The end repeat barline will be created at the end of bar 20.

You can check the position of a repeat barline by pressing F6 when it is selected. Since the barline will always be selected immediately after it is created, it is sensible to press F6 as soon as the menus close.

Repeats in the middle of bars

There are situations in which you may need to have a section repeated which begins and ends in the middle of a bar. EG: if a piece in four-four time begins with a pick-up bar of one quarter note, then the musical phrases will most likely begin on the fourth quarter of each bar. In this case the repeat may need to start and end on the fourth quarter, so as to preserve the phrasing. The following example shows how to repeat a passage beginning at bar 19 quarter 4 and ending at bar 39 quarter 4.

  1. Select the last note before the repeat. This note must end at quarter 4 of bar 19.
  2. From the main menus choose Create > Barline > Start repeat.
  3. Select the last note ore rest to be repeated. This must end at quarter 4 of bar 39.
  4. From the main menus choose Create > Barline > End repeat.

You must make sure that there are no items which begin before the repeat barline and end after it. EG: if you select a quarter note at quarter 2 and create the barline at quarter 3, any whole notes which exist in other staves will not be broken into two half notes. You will have to divide them manually; Sibelius will not do it for you.

The start and end repeat barlines must occur at the same position in both bars. This is so that there will always be a whole number of bars when the repeat is played through. EG: if a piece is in four-four time and you put a start repeat at quarter 3 and an end repeat at quarter 4, then there will be a bar which is five quarter notes long when the repeat is played. Note that Sibelius will play the repeat even if it is not a whole number of bars.

Repeating from the start of the score

If a repeating section begins at the start of a score, you can omit the start repeat barline. EG: to have bars 1 to 20 played twice, place an end repeat barline at the end of bar 20. Sibelius will play this repeat correctly.

Remember to take account of pick-up bars. EG: if a piece is in four-four time and begins with a quarter note pick-up bar, then the end repeat barline will need to be at quarter 4. The three quarter notes of the last repeated bar will then be joined to the quarter note pick-up to form a bar of four quarters.

Double repeat barlines

These are used when one repeating section is followed immediately by another repeating section. This symbol is really just an end repeat barline placed back-to-back with a start repeat barline. Accordingly, you need only place an end repeat barline at the end of the first repeated section, and a start repeat barline at the beginning of the following section. Sibelius will position the two repeat barlines in such a way as to look like a double repeat barline.

Example: creating a double repeat barline at the end of bar 20.

  1. Select the last note of bar 20.
  2. From the main menus choose Creat > Barline > End repeat.
  3. The end repeat barline will now be selected and you can create the start repeat barline from here.
  4. From the main menus choose Create > Barlines > Start repeat.

Correct pairing

You must make sure that each start repeat barline has an accompanying end repeat barline, and vice versa. If you have a start or end repeat barline which is not part of a pair then you will not only confuse the players but also Sibelius. In such cases, you may find that bar numbers go awry and that the score will not playback properly.

There are only two exceptions to this rule. The first is when a repeat starts at the beginning of a piece, in which case the start barline can be omitted, and the second is when using different endings, as explained below.

You must also take care not to place a pair of start and end repeat barlines between another pair of start and end repeat barlines. EG: having a start repeat in bar 10, another start repeat in bar 20, and end repeat in bar 30 and another end repeat in bar 40. This will also cause problems.

Selecting and deleting existing repeat barlines

Repeat barlines (like all other special barlines) are system items. You can select them through the system items dialog (Alt+F2). They appear in the list as EndRepeat barline and StartRepeat barline. Once the barline is selected, you can delete it by pressing the delete key.

Note that you cannot move a repeat barline to a different place in the score. You're only option is to delete it and then create a replacement elsewhere in the score.

Repeating more than once

If you need a repeat to play back more than twice, you can select the end repeat barline and use the play on pass check boxes in the properties window.

  1. Select the end repeat barline. It is this line which determines how many times the repeat is played.
  2. Press Ctrl+Windows+Tab until the properties window is selected.
  3. Press Ctrl+Tab until you reach the playback button.
  4. Press Space to open the playback panel. If you cannot open this panel, try closing some of the other panels, but do not close the general panel.
  5. When the playback panel button is selected, press Tab to move around the controls in this panel.
  6. Tab to the checkboxes called pass 1, pass 2, and pass 3, and press Space to check each one.
  7. Press Ctrl+Windows+S to return to the score.

1st and 2nd endings

These are used in conjunction with repeat barlines. Each time the repeat is played, the notes before the first ending line are played, followed by the notes under whichever ending line corresponds to the number of the repetition.

There are two types of ending line. The first type turns down at the right end to indicate that the player should go back to the start repeat and play again. This turning down is called a hook in the edit lines dialog. A closed ending line should always be followed immediately by an end repeat barline.

The second type is an "open" line which has no hook. This indicates that the last repeat has been played and that the player should go on. The open line should only be used after the end repeat barline. In fact, trying to use an open line before an end repeat barline will not only prevent the score from playing back correctly, but could also cause the bar numbering to go wrong.

Example: a repeat structure with three different endings.

This would be played as follows.

Note that in the example above there were two end repeat barlines but only one start repeat barline. This is because any endings which come before the last ending must be followed by an end repeat barline. Also, remember that only the last ending, after the last end repeat barline, should be an open line; the others must all be closed.

Creating ending lines

The ending line is created in the same way as any system line. Just make a passage selection that includes all the notes in the first ending and then pick the line you want in the lines dialog.

Example: creating a 1st ending line.

  1. Select a note at the start of the first ending.
  2. Press Ctrl+F9 to place the start selection marker.
  3. Select a note at the end of the first ending. Make sure that this note does not end after the second ending begins.
  4. Press Shift+F9 to select everything back to the marker.
  5. From the main menus choose Create > Lines.
  6. In the lines dialog, tab to the list of system lines.
  7. The 1st ending line is at the top of the list. Press Home to select it.
  8. Press Enter.

Making your own ending lines

The ending lines provided in the lines dialog only cover basic situations and use a particular type of "language". If you need a more complicated repeat structure, or a more distinctive instruction, you can create your own ending lines.

You do this in the edit lines dialog, found in the house style menu (Alt+S). This dialog looks a lot like the create line dialog, except that it has some extra buttons after the lists of lines. You need to select an existing ending line which closely matches the one you want to create. If you want an open ending line choose "3rd ending" and if you want a closed ending line choose "1st ending". You then press the new button. At this point you will have a duplicate of the line you selected. You must then change both the name of the line and the text which is shown in the score.

Example: creating a 4th ending line for the last repeat.

  1. From the main menus choose House Style > Edit Lines.
  2. Tab to the list of system lines and select the 2nd ending line. This line is open at the right end and ideal for the last ending.
  3. Tab to the new button and press space.
  4. A dialog will open, asking you if you want to create a new line based on the 1st ending line. Press the yes button.
  5. Another dialog opens which allows you to edit the line.
  6. In the name edit box, type "4th ending" or any other appropriate name. This name will not be shown in the score, but it will be spoken by Sibelius Access while navigating.
  7. Tab to the button called "start text" and press Space.
  8. Another dialog opens in which you can input the text that will be shown under the line in the score. This is the text which instructs the players.
  9. In the edit box called "text", type "4", "4th time", or any other appropriate text.

  10. Tab to the combo box called "text style" and choose 1st and 2nd endings.
  11. Tab to the edit box called "spaces right" and type in "0.5.
  12. Tab to the edit box called "spaces up" and type in -2.25 (note the minus sign).
  13. Tab to the OK button and press Space.
  14. The text dialog closes and you will be placed in the previous dialog.
  15. Tab to the OK button and press Space.
  16. You may find that JAWS looses focus. If so, press Ctrl+Tab to get back to the edit lines dialog.
  17. Tab to the close button and press Space.

Due to a bug in Sibelius, the text options dialog that opens when you press the start text button will be set to its default values, so you have to set them all. If you use the JAWS cursor to left click the button, the dialog will open with the properties of the line that you are using as a template. This means that you will only need to change the text itself, the other properties will be correct.

The spaces right and spaces up options determine where the text will be positioned in relation to the line itself. The values suggested in the example above are those which the ending lines in the house styles that come with Sibelius use, so they should be a safe option.

Sibelius can play back ending lines correctly, so long as the text in them contains the numbers of the repeats to be used. If no numbers appear in the text, Sibelius may not know what to do and the repeat will not play back correctly. EG: creating an ending line with the word "three" spelt out will not play back. Fixing this problem is described below.

Alternating endings

You can also create ending lines which allow for the endings to be played in a more complicated order. The following example is rather extreme, but shows just how far Sibelius can be pushed.

Example: creating a complex repeat structure.

  1. Use the instructions in the previous heading to create a new ending line with the text "1.3.5". Base this line on the 1st ending line.
  2. Use the instructions in the previous heading to create a new ending line with the text "2.4". Base this line on the 1st ending line.
  3. Use the instructions in the previous heading to create a new ending line with the text "6". Base this line on the 2nd ending line which is open at the right end.
  4. Place a start repeat barline at bar 3.
  5. Create a 1.3.5 barline over bars 11 to 14.
  6. Create an end repeat barline at the end of bar 14.
  7. Create a 2.4 ending line over bars 15 to 18.
  8. Create an end repeat barline at the end of bar 18.
  9. Create a 6th ending line over bars 19 to 22.

This would play back as follows.

As remarkable as it sounds, Sibelius will play this back correctly.

Making complicated repeats play correctly

If the text in the ending lines cannot be correctly identified by Sibelius, the repeats will not play back correctly. You can correct this by selecting the ending line and then using the "play on pass" check boxes in the properties window to force the line to play correctly. Suppose that, in the example above, the ending lines were created with the number spelt out, i.e. "one, three, five". The following example shows how to fix this.

Example: making endings play correctly.

  1. Select the ending line with text "one, three, five".
  2. Press Ctrl+Windows+Tab until the properties window is selected.
  3. Press Ctrl+Tab until you reach the playback button.
  4. Press Space to open the playback panel. If you cannot open this panel, try closing some of the other panels, but do not close the general panel.
  5. When the playback panel button is selected, press Tab to move around the controls in this panel.
  6. Tab to the checkboxes called pass 1, pass 3, and pass 5, and press Space to check each one.
  7. Press Ctrl+Windows+S to return to the score.
  8. Repeat the steps above for the line with the text "two, four", checking the pass 2 and pass 4 check boxes.
  9. Repeat the steps above for the line with the text "six", checking the pass 6 check box.

© Daniel Craig Rugman 2010